Old nets? New rope! SEARCULAR tackles marine plastics with circular fishing gear and port solutions

Combining research and industry expertise from across Europe, EU-funded project SEARCULAR is trialling circular fishing gear solutions, which, if scaled up, could prevent thousands of tonnes of marine plastic ending up in the ocean each year, while also supporting sustainable fisheries. 

Led by Spanish research institute AZTI and involving 13 European industry specialists and research organisations, SEARCULAR is working in close collaboration with the fishing industry to develop and test innovative fishing gear solutions with the potential to reduce the amount of marine litter and microplastics generated by Europe’s fishing industry.

Fishing gear is recognised as a significant source of marine litter both in Europe and globally; several related policy initiatives and EU directives – including the European Green Deal, Single Use Plastics (SUP) Directive, and Port Reception Facilities (PRF) Directive – include targets aimed at addressing marine plastics, including end-of-life fishing gear.

Working from deck to port, SEARCULAR is trialling tailored solutions involving the development of more sustainable fishing gear materials, alongside end-of-life fishing gear and port-based measures to tackle this issue at source.

If rolled out, together these would extend the life-cycle of fishing gear, prevent significant quantities of plastics entering the sea each year, and at the same time generate new material streams from old gears, facilitating the development of a circular economy for fishing gear.

SEARCULAR’s four innovative and practical solutions for reducing marine litter

Every year, thousands of tonnes of nets are discarded, having reached the end of their lives. During its life, gear used as part of fishing operations is subject to high wear and tear and can become a source of microplastics and marine litter at sea.

Because there is no one-size-all when it comes to fishing, SEARCULAR is trialling an array of solutions to tackle these issues, tailored to the bespoke needs of different fisheries, net types, and different stages of the gear lifecycle.

Among the technical solutions being developed, repurposed end-of-life purse seine nets used in tropical tuna fisheries are being used to develop more durable dolly ropes for trawl nets. Harsh marine environments and close contact with the seabed means traditional dolly ropes used on trawl nets fray easily and have a limited lifespan. Giving old gear a new lease of life, the new ropes will be more durable, reducing the amount of marine plastic generated at sea and number of nets discarded in ports.

Ropes used on seine nets targeting fish that live close to the seabed are also subject to high abrasion and wearing. As part of its efforts, SEARCULAR is developing ‘bio-seine’ rope which will be not only three times more resistant than the traditional materials used to manufacture these ropes but also biodegradable. Conversely, where durability is problematic, new designs of biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) used to attract fish in purse seine tuna fisheries are being tested as a means to prevent the accumulation of plastic based FADs in sensitive marine habitats.

On shore, SEARCULAR is developing solutions in support of the sustainable management of fishing gear at ports. Though compulsory in the EU, issues relating to sorting and logistics means that much of the gear collected at ports still ends up in landfill or incinerators. Aiming to address this, SEARCULAR is working to improve capacity for management of end-of-life fishing gears by trialling a replicable Blue Point for gear collection, sorting and conditioning, which will encompass guidance on recirculation of material.

As part of the three-year project, fishers, gear manufacturers, and researchers are working together to implement end-of-life solutions for old gear, and develop practical but innovative materials appropriate to the challenging environments they must withstand.